Forum Flora Germanica

abeja hat geschrieben: Do Mai 02, 2024 2:37 pmBei der Eibe möchte ich "relativieren", bevor alle Eiben gekillt werden.

Dazu hatte ich schon mal recherchiert...

5 Giftigkeit
Klatsch-Mohn ist in allen Teilen giftig durch eine Reihe von Alkaloiden, die sich besonders im weißen Milchsaft befinden. Die Giftigkeit wird dabei aber als nicht sehr stark eingestuft. Das wichtigste Alkaloid ist Rhoeadin (ROTH & al. 2012). Morphin dagegen, das den Schlaf-Mohn (Papaver somniferum) wegen der Gewinnung von Opium berühmt gemacht hat, fehlt dem Klatsch-Mohn. Von Vergiftungen wird vor allem bei Kindern berichtet, die grüne Kapseln,
Blüten oder Blätter gegessen hatten und danach unter Bauchschmerzen und Erbrechen litten. Bei Pferden, Kühen und Schweinen kann es zu Krämpfen und epileptischen Anfällen kommen, wenn zu große Mengen aufgenommen werden. ROTH 2012, DÜLL & KUTZELNIGG 2016...
6 Verwendung ... Da der Giftgehalt im Klatsch-Mohn insgesamt gering ist, verwendet man die jungen Blätter auch heute noch als Salatbeigabe oder gedünstet als Gemüse....

All patients were followed up for a few days and then discharged from the hospital with recovery. Unconscious consumption of Papaver rhoeas leads to a clinical condition resembling morphine intoxication, CNS depression, and epileptic seizures.

Discussion:
There is little data available in the literature about Papaver rhoeas intoxication. We could not find studies on the subject, except for a few case reports, animal studies, and agricultural studies. Our series of five cases is the most comprehensive study in the literature. Therefore, it is quite significant.
Chemical studies have shown that the Papaver rhoeas extract is composed of rhoeadine, rhoeadic acid, papaveric acid, rhoeagenine, and anthocyanins [2, 5, 7, 8]. Papaver rhoeas is a commonly found plant in our country. It is used as a medicinal plant [3]. Papaver rhoeas is found in Iran and other countries of the world. It is used for treating diarrhea, cough, and sleep disorders and for analgesia-sedation purposes. It is also used for reducing opioid abstinence symptoms [2]. It has been reported to be used for treatment of intestinal and urinary irritation, bronchitis, pneumonia, and febrile diseases with rash [4]. However, none of our patients used Papaver rhoeas for treatment. They all used it for its good taste.
The Papaver rhoeas-induced allergic dermatitis case reported by Gamboa et al. [9] is among the rare cases in the literature. In another study, it was concluded that the Papaver rhoeas extract could heal abstinence syndrome, in addition to morphine abstinence syndrome in rats with morphine addiction [10]. In another study in rats, Papaver rhoeas was shown to reduce postural behaviors, locomotor activities, and analysis movements, in addition to having a sedating effect [11]. In the case report of Koçak et al. [6], central nervous system depression findings developing after eating Papaver rhoeas were reported.
The abovementioned rare clinical studies and case reports support the findings such as seizures, myosis, confusion, and CNS depression that were found in our case. We believe that this clinical situation is caused by Papaver rhoeas morphine-like effects, because previously phytochemical investigation of Papaver rhoeas has shown the presence of alkaloids, such as rhoeadine, allotropine, and coptisine. These alkaloids have dopaminergic antagonists and neuroleptic effects [5, 12, 13].

Flor_alf hat geschrieben: Fr Mai 03, 2024 12:38 pm Pyrrolizidinalkaloide gibt es auch in anderen Pflanzen, so dem Beinwell, Klette oder dem Huflattich, die ja als oft als essbar ...

Ich weiß nur nicht, was hier der Begriff "unconscious consumption" soll, denn die Leute hatten zubereitete (gebackene oder gekochte) Blätter verzehrt, in ziemlich großen Mengen, 250-500 Gramm.